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Examination of Adults' Leisure Constraints, Social Inclusion and Life
Satisfaction: Perspectives from Five European Countries

In another study conducted during the COVID-19 period, it was confirmed that social inclusion has
positive effects on life satisfaction (Prihadi et al., 2021).
For this reason, it has become an important issue to determine the factors that prevent/restrict
individuals from participating in leisure activities, especially with the COVID-19 process that we have
started to leave behind, and to determine the social inclusion and life satisfaction levels in different
cultures due to restrictions (curfews, travel, holidays, etc.). has arrived. From this point of view, the aims
of the study were determined as a) determining the leisure time behaviors of individuals and b)
examining the leisure time barriers, social inclusion and life satisfaction levels of the participants living in
different European countries.
Method
In this chapter; Information about the study group of the research, data collection and analysis will be
included.
Study Group
The study group consists of 17.8% (n= 402) of Greece, 11.5% (n= 259) Poland, 22.2% (n= 501) Romania,
26.6% (n= 600) Spain and 22% (n= 497) Turkey. A total of 2259 people, 1382 women and 877 men,
aged 18 and over, included in the study by convenience sampling method, participated in the study.
Detailed information about the personal characteristics of the participants is presented in Table 1.
Data Collection
The data used in the study were obtained from the participants in 5 different European countries
(Greece, Poland, Romania, Spain and Turkey) with the electronic data collection tool. The data collection
tool used in the study was delivered to the participants via e-mail, Facebook pages or WhatsApp groups.
Participants who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily were first given information about the
purpose of the study, its content and the purpose for which the data were collected. Participants
allocated approximately 8-10 minutes to fill out the scale form.
Data Collection Tool
The data collection tool used in the study consisted of 3 parts. In the first part, there are questions to
define the demographic personal information of the participants.

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