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Examination of Adults' Leisure Constraints, Social Inclusion and Life
Satisfaction: Perspectives from Five European Countries

For the participants living in Turkey (Avg.= 2.73, SD=0.57), they stated that they faced more leisure time
barriers or restrictions in participating in their recreational activities. When the data on the social
inclusion levels of the participants were evaluated, the highest mean score was Romania (Avg.= 3.22,
SD=0.46), followed by Spain (Avg.= 3.19, SD=0.49), Turkey (Avg.= 3.08, SD=0.49), respectively. Poland
(Avg.= 3.05, SD=0.46) and It was determined that Greece (Avg.= 2.79, SD=0.42) followed. Finally,
individuals living in Romania (Avg.= 5.40, SD=1.18) stated that they were most satisfied with their lives,
while individuals living in Turkey (Avg.= 3.44, SD=1.31) stated that they were least satisfied with their
lives (Table 5).
Conclusion and Recommendations
The results of this project, which was carried out with the aim of determining the leisure time behaviors
of adults living in 5 different European countries, the factors that prevent/restrict their participation in
recreational activities, social inclusion and life satisfaction levels, are briefly summarized below.

Participants spend their free time mostly with activities that can be described as passive at home. In
addition, nearly half of the participants stated that they sometimes participate in physical, social,
cultural-artistic, open space and touristic activities in their free time (except for indoor activities). It can
also be stated that a significant proportion of the participants actively participate in free time activities
and they prefer to participate in these activities more frequently/sometimes with their friends and family
rather than being alone.

It has been understood that the level of the participants' level of being affected by the leisure time
barriers that are accepted to exist differs according to the country they live in, and the Poles are least
affected by such barriers. It was also concluded that the social inclusion and life satisfaction levels of the
Spanish participants were higher than the participants from other countries.
According to the results of the research, the following suggestions
were presented;

• Although the participants stated that they actively evaluate their participation in leisure time
activities, studies should be carried out to increase active participation, which is important for the
construction of a healthy society in the future,

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