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P A R T 3
Socialization Process Through Sports

The process of socialization through sports refers to the benefits obtained as a result of participation in
sports. Today, many studies have proven the benefits of participating in sports. Physical educators and
sports scientists agree that participation in sports provides physiological, psychological, educational and
social benefits to individuals. The benefits of active or passive participation in sports may include (Blinde et
al., 1993; Coakley, 2007; Shaffer and Wittes, 2006; Woodruff and Schallert, 2008).
1. To provide educational and career opportunities in sport
2. To comply with competition or community rules and to restrict criminal behavior (cheating, violence,
illegal drug use, excessive alcohol use, etc.)
3. To provide social interaction, entertainment and enjoyment
4. Increase confidence, motivation, sense of empowerment and self-esteem
5. Expanding life experience and making more friends
6. Improving health and utilizing students' excess energies
7. Knowing how to deal with failure and difficult situation
8. Developing life skills
9. Promote social values, integrity and character building.
Socialization Process for Sports
The socialization process towards sports tries to explain the factors that affect the way individuals
participate in sports. One of the first theories used to guide socialization research was Bandura's (1977)
social learning theory, which is a functionalist approach and emphasizes the importance of observing and
modeling others. Social learning theory has been used to explain how sport participants learn to become
an accepted member by those taking part in groups. According to Bandura (1977), “most people learn
behavior through observation and modeling, gain an idea of how new behaviors are performed by
observing others, and in later cases this coded information serves as a guide for action”. It gets rid of
unnecessary mistakes because they can learn from examples at least approximately what to do first.
In the field of socialization of sport, Kenyon and McPherson (1973) proposed a social systems approach
based on social learning theory. The social systems approach stated three main elements that contribute to
socialization in sports, namely people, socialization agents (agents) and personal characteristics (Kenyon &
McPherson, 1973). Others important to the individual are important people who influence the individual's
attitude and behavior. Socialization agents are socializing institutions or cultures. Personal qualities, on the
other hand, refer to the personal characteristics of each individual. This model results in three stages:
modeling the important people who affect the choice, learning the appropriate sports roles, revealing the
abilities and seeing the socialization behavior.

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